Trade Shifts 2018: Tables

Agricultural Products

Table AG.1 Agricultural products: U.S. exports and general imports, by selected trading partners, 2014–18

	Million $
Item	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	Absolute change, 2017–18	Percent change, 2017–18
U.S. total exports:
Canada	23,785	22,513	21,882	22,127	22,190	62	0.3
Mexico	19,495	17,835	17,966	18,682	19,175	493	2.6
China	25,676	21,567	22,831	20,940	10,370	-10,569	-50.5
Japan	14,232	12,303	12,017	12,844	13,799	955	7.4
South Korea	7,458	6,708	6,802	7,425	8,992	1,567	21.1
Vietnam	2,541	2,505	2,923	2,785	4,249	1,464	52.6
Indonesia	2,913	2,185	2,670	2,893	3,116	223	7.7
France	826	761	785	745	847	102	13.6
Italy	1,419	1,293	1,201	1,170	1,467	297	25.4
India	1,094	1,251	1,422	1,898	1,759	-139	-7.3
All other	59,260	52,166	52,073	55,090	62,290	7,200	13.1
Total domestic exports	158,700	141,087	142,572	146,600	148,255	1,655	1.1
Foreign exports	5,729	5,543	6,054	6,365	6,689	324	5.1
Total U.S. exports (domestic and foreign)	164,429	146,630	148,626	152,965	154,944	1,979	1.3
U.S. general imports:
Canada	26,437	25,287	25,243	26,079	26,890	811	3.1
Mexico	21,218	23,008	24,888	26,700	28,316	1,616	6.1
China	7,008	6,801	6,721	7,068	7,724	656	9.3
Japan	782	828	916	915	988	72	7.9
South Korea	673	739	810	843	864	20	2.4
Vietnam	3,365	3,132	3,518	3,743	3,854	112	3.0
Indonesia	3,561	3,512	3,621	4,319	4,208	-112	-2.6
France	4,690	4,826	5,216	5,585	6,225	639	11.4
Italy	4,513	4,620	4,823	5,043	5,400	357	7.1
India	4,446	3,841	3,512	4,652	4,795	143	3.1
All other	59,648	60,366	59,865	62,411	67,352	4,941	7.9
Total general imports	136,341	136,958	139,132	147,359	156,615	9,256	6.3

Source: Compiled from official statistics of the U.S. Department of Commerce.
Note: Import values are based on U.S. customs value; export values are based on free alongside ship value, U.S. port of export. Calculations are based on unrounded data. The countries are sorted by those with the largest total U.S. trade (U.S. general imports plus U.S. domestic exports) in these products in the most recent year.

Table AG.2 Agricultural products: Leading changes in U.S. exports and imports, 2014—18

	Million $
Item	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	Absolute change, 2017–18	Percent change, 2017–18
U.S. total exports:
Increases:
Cereals (AG030)	22,274	18,505	18,594	18,224	20,613	2,389	13.1
Animal feeds (AG013)	14,456	13,510	12,075	11,812	13,780	1,968	16.7
Cattle and beef (AG002)	6,847	5,968	6,071	7,131	8,216	1,085	15.2
Decreases:
Oilseeds (AG032)	24,219	19,153	23,140	21,757	17,421	-4,336	-19.9
Hides, skins, and leather (AG046)	3,718	3,051	2,626	2,591	2,104	-487	-18.8
Prepared or preserved vegetables, mushrooms, and olives (AG019)	3,614	3,529	3,655	3,699	3,341	-358	-9.7
Swine and pork (AG003)	5,671	4,608	4,972	5,423	5,226	-197	-3.6
All other	77,901	72,763	71,439	75,963	77,554	1,591	2.1
Total	158,700	141,087	142,572	146,600	148,255	1,655	1.1
U.S. general imports:
Increases:
Infant formulas, malt extracts, and other edible preparations (AG036)	2,537	2,629	2,806	2,922	6,020	3,099	106.1
Distilled spirits (AG042)	7,122	7,276	7,682	7,872	8,624	752	9.6
Fresh or frozen fish (AG006)	7,256	7,096	7,599	8,222	8,962	740	9.0
Fresh, chilled, or frozen vegetables (AG018)	7,462	7,783	8,735	8,706	9,154	447	5.1
Decreases:
Coffee and tea (AG028)	6,954	6,927	6,621	7,215	6,619	-596	-8.3
Swine and pork (AG003)	1,916	1,692	1,643	1,777	1,591	-186	-10.5
Cocoa, chocolate, and confectionery (AG037)	6,410	6,513	6,864	6,814	6,650	-165	-2.4
All other	96,684	97,042	97,181	103,830	108,995	5,164	5.0
Total	136,341	136,958	139,132	147,359	156,615	9,256	6.3

Chemicals and Related Products

Table CH.1 Chemicals and related products: U.S. exports and general imports, by selected trading partners, 2014–18

	Million $
Item	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	Absolute change, 2017–18	Percent change, 2017–18
U.S. total exports:
Canada	37,130	34,093	32,649	34,398	35,114	716	2.1
China	14,133	13,566	13,782	15,928	16,624	695	4.4
Mexico	33,475	31,540	30,075	31,881	35,018	3,137	9.8
Ireland	2,753	3,237	3,270	4,602	3,676	-926	-20.1
Germany	7,444	7,399	7,495	8,294	9,153	858	10.3
Japan	10,957	10,464	10,710	11,151	11,731	581	5.2
Switzerland	3,040	2,970	2,735	2,841	2,673	-168	-5.9
Belgium	14,646	15,506	13,262	11,257	12,464	1,207	10.7
South Korea	7,215	6,686	6,379	7,003	7,918	915	13.1
United Kingdom	6,841	8,252	7,429	6,680	6,916	236	3.5
All other	83,741	79,581	75,555	78,169	85,196	7,028	9.0
Total domestic exports	221,376	213,293	203,340	212,203	226,482	14,279	6.7
Foreign exports	13,644	14,376	14,639	15,324	16,955	1,631	10.6
Total U.S. exports (domestic and foreign)	235,020	227,669	217,979	227,526	243,436	15,910	7.0
U.S. general imports:
Canada	33,518	32,212	29,682	29,435	32,436	3,000	10.2
China	31,892	31,132	29,844	33,554	40,078	6,524	19.4
Mexico	10,657	10,759	10,604	11,531	12,740	1,209	10.5
Ireland	24,380	28,746	32,307	34,594	41,076	6,482	18.7
Germany	25,186	24,862	23,296	22,961	26,843	3,882	16.9
Japan	12,644	11,713	11,493	11,948	13,425	1,477	12.4
Switzerland	12,107	11,940	14,327	16,617	19,311	2,694	16.2
Belgium	6,344	6,247	4,910	3,878	5,558	1,679	43.3
South Korea	5,858	6,225	8,512	7,822	10,002	2,180	27.9
United Kingdom	9,411	13,954	11,338	9,359	10,688	1,329	14.2
All other	79,531	82,655	83,581	86,435	99,057	12,622	14.6
Total general imports	251,529	260,444	259,893	268,134	311,213	43,079	16.1

Table CH.2 Chemicals and related products: Leading changes in U.S. exports and imports, 2014–18

	Million $
Item	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	Absolute change, 2017–18	Percent change, 2017–18
U.S. total exports:
Increases:
Medicinal chemicals (CH019)	50,326	53,988	51,829	50,596	53,886	3,289	6.5
Certain organic chemicals (CH006)	18,624	16,002	14,679	17,248	19,790	2,542	14.7
Polyethylene resins in primary forms (CH025)	7,880	7,697	7,320	7,819	10,003	2,184	27.9
Miscellaneous plastic products (CH033)	26,003	25,761	25,361	26,152	27,058	906	3.5
Primary aromatics (CH003)	628	346	391	369	867	498	135.0
Chlor-alkali chemicals (CH009)	2,267	2,255	2,353	3,123	3,467	344	11.0
Major primary olefins (CH001)	415	531	704	937	1,200	263	28.0
All other	115,232	106,713	100,700	105,958	110,211	4,253	4.0
Total	221,376	213,293	203,340	212,203	226,482	14,279	6.7
U.S. general imports:
Increases:
Medicinal chemicals (CH019)	93,436	109,778	113,195	112,215	136,200	23,985	21.4
Miscellaneous plastic products (CH033)	31,199	32,473	33,063	35,810	40,371	4,560	12.7
Fertilizers (CH010)	11,335	10,932	7,206	7,198	8,209	1,010	14.0
Polypropylene resins in primary forms (CH026)	522	556	760	605	951	346	57.2
Miscellaneous chemicals and specialties (CH023)	5,753	5,956	7,148	6,739	6,907	168	2.5
Decreases:
Natural rubber (CH036)	1,955	1,499	1,308	1,768	1,538	-230	-13.0
All other	107,330	99,250	97,213	103,799	117,037	13,238	12.8
Total	251,529	260,444	259,893	268,134	311,213	43,079	16.1

Electronic Products

Table EL.1 Electronic products: U.S. exports and general imports, by selected trading partners, 2014–18

	Million $
Item	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	Absolute change, 2017–18	Percent change, 2017–18
U.S. total exports:
China	14,538	15,184	14,957	14,932	16,374	1,442	9.7
Mexico	21,691	23,295	21,057	19,726	19,169	-558	-2.8
Malaysia	5,221	5,146	4,743	4,733	4,001	-732	-15.5
Japan	10,154	9,583	9,391	9,138	9,223	85	0.9
Canada	17,548	15,907	15,348	15,659	15,908	249	1.6
Germany	8,235	8,199	8,083	8,571	8,867	296	3.5
South Korea	6,856	7,270	6,575	7,148	7,251	103	1.4
Taiwan	3,736	4,229	4,883	4,709	4,787	78	1.7
Thailand	2,355	2,245	2,315	2,120	2,413	293	13.8
Vietnam	696	723	2,060	1,504	1,039	-465	-30.9
All other	78,350	74,380	70,627	71,854	73,517	1,663	2.3
Total domestic exports	169,379	166,162	160,040	160,093	162,549	2,455	1.5
Foreign exports	98,455	97,959	100,386	108,452	114,347	5,895	5.4
Total U.S. exports (domestic and foreign)	267,833	264,121	260,426	268,546	276,896	8,350	3.1
U.S. general imports:
China	186,705	189,224	180,381	205,604	209,957	4,353	2.1
Mexico	65,064	72,485	73,501	75,760	82,745	6,985	9.2
Malaysia	22,089	25,373	28,544	28,274	29,272	999	3.5
Japan	22,906	21,686	21,214	21,514	22,585	1,072	5.0
Canada	9,114	8,939	8,927	9,286	9,807	521	5.6
Germany	15,256	14,851	14,431	14,986	16,601	1,616	10.8
South Korea	17,379	16,169	16,551	16,813	17,561	747	4.4
Taiwan	17,343	16,330	16,435	17,625	18,980	1,355	7.7
Thailand	12,341	13,343	13,534	13,999	13,775	-225	-1.6
Vietnam	5,579	9,810	11,704	12,360	12,198	-163	-1.3
All other	65,332	61,669	64,639	67,908	72,589	4,682	6.9
Total general imports	439,109	449,879	449,861	484,129	506,070	21,942	4.5

Table EL.2 Electronic products: Leading changes in U.S. exports and imports, 2014–18

	Million $
Item	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	Absolute change, 2017–18	Percent change, 2017–18
U.S. total exports:
Increases:
Measuring, testing, and controlling instruments (EL025)	25,714	23,928	22,602	23,050	24,859	1,809	7.8
Medical goods (EL022)	33,727	33,204	32,932	32,787	34,392	1,605	4.9
Decreases:
Telecommunications equipment (EL002)	17,099	17,556	16,665	15,726	14,985	-741	-4.7
Semiconductors and integrated circuits (EL015)	27,446	27,744	27,895	26,531	26,067	-464	-1.7
All other	65,392	63,731	59,944	62,000	62,245	245	0.4
Total	169,379	166,162	160,040	160,093	162,549	2,455	1.5
U.S. general imports:
Increases:
Computers, peripherals, and parts (EL017)	121,512	119,620	112,561	124,073	138,092	14,019	11.3
Medical goods (EL022)	36,182	37,826	40,158	42,985	47,343	4,358	10.1
Decreases:
Telecommunications equipment (EL002)	98,289	105,055	107,863	116,116	111,973	-4,143	-3.6
Semiconductors and integrated circuits (EL015)	39,037	40,134	44,177	43,971	43,609	-362	-0.8
All other	144,089	147,244	145,102	156,983	165,053	8,069	5.1
Total	439,109	449,879	449,861	484,129	506,070	21,942	4.5

Source: Compiled from official statistics of the U.S. Department of Commerce.
Note: Import values are based on U.S customs value; export values are based on free alongside ship value, U.S. port of export. Calculations are based on unrounded data.

Energy-Related Products

Table EP.1 Energy-related products: U.S. exports and general imports, by selected trading partners, 2014–18

	Million $
Item	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	Absolute change, 2017–18	Percent change, 2017–18
U.S. total exports:
Canada	33,663	21,945	17,103	19,997	26,062	6,066	30.3
Mexico	24,631	19,044	19,688	26,874	34,435	7,561	28.1
Saudi Arabia	216	179	165	149	141	-7	-5.0
Venezuela	2,975	2,395	1,705	1,945	4,020	2,076	106.7
Brazil	7,571	3,908	4,941	8,825	9,633	808	9.2
South Korea	2,148	1,377	1,741	4,167	9,977	5,810	139.4
Netherlands	9,840	5,793	5,175	5,868	9,372	3,504	59.7
Iraq	15	11	10	10	15	5	44.4
Colombia	6,178	4,546	2,981	2,645	3,099	453	17.1
United Kingdom	2,603	2,236	1,557	3,748	6,535	2,787	74.4
All other	70,076	47,082	42,053	68,136	90,189	22,053	32.4
Total domestic exports	159,915	108,516	97,121	142,363	193,478	51,115	35.9
Foreign exports	1,840	1,863	1,368	1,955	2,418	463	23.7
Total U.S. exports (domestic and foreign)	161,755	110,379	98,489	144,319	195,897	51,578	35.7
U.S. general imports:
Canada	117,928	70,837	54,739	73,725	85,260	11,535	15.6
Mexico	30,282	13,674	8,724	11,407	15,901	4,494	39.4
Saudi Arabia	45,930	20,629	15,718	17,611	22,553	4,942	28.1
Venezuela	29,059	14,821	10,419	11,690	12,545	855	7.3
Brazil	6,367	4,546	2,778	4,389	5,187	799	18.2
South Korea	3,067	2,922	2,266	2,874	3,193	319	11.1
Netherlands	3,745	1,937	1,820	1,804	2,759	955	52.9
Iraq	13,702	4,340	5,979	10,747	11,870	1,123	10.4
Colombia	11,964	8,147	7,585	7,701	8,295	595	7.7
United Kingdom	6,286	4,006	3,244	3,255	4,559	1,304	40.1
All other	83,295	48,273	44,511	52,728	64,243	11,516	21.8
Total general imports	351,626	194,132	157,784	197,931	236,366	38,435	19.4

Table EP.2 Energy-related products: Leading changes in U.S. exports and imports, 2014–18

	Million $
Item	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	Absolute change, 2017–18	Percent change, 2017–18
U.S. total exports:
Increases:
Crude petroleum (EP004)	11,617	8,232	9,360	22,211	46,381	24,170	108.8
Petroleum products (EP005)	118,567	80,300	67,705	84,624	102,541	17,916	21.2
Natural gas and components (EP006)	17,879	11,997	13,866	23,532	29,893	6,361	27.0
Coal, coke, and related chemical products (EP003)	10,277	6,944	5,540	11,311	13,770	2,459	21.7
All other	1,575	1,043	649	685	894	209	30.5
Total	159,915	108,516	97,121	142,363	193,478	51,115	35.9
U.S. general imports:
Increases:
Crude petroleum (EP004)	246,969	126,073	101,845	133,193	157,353	24,160	18.1
Petroleum products (EP005)	79,764	51,513	41,130	48,522	62,742	14,220	29.3
All other	24,893	16,546	14,809	16,216	16,271	55	0.3
Total	351,626	194,132	157,784	197,931	236,366	38,435	19.4

Footwear

Table FW.1 Footwear: U.S. exports and general imports, by selected trading partners, 2014–18

	Million $
Item	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	Absolute change, 2017–18	Percent change, 2017–18
U.S. total exports:
China	48	76	80	102	140	38	36.8
Vietnam	86	104	116	179	243	64	35.5
Indonesia	12	24	29	29	40	11	38.9
Italy	4	6	4	8	9	1	12.4
Mexico	49	42	40	36	33	-3	-7.9
India	2	3	1	2	3	2	102.0
Cambodia	(a)	(a)	0	0	(a)	(a)	(b)
Dominican Rep	16	11	9	7	7	(a)	-5.3
Spain	3	4	2	3	3	(a)	10.2
Canada	139	150	165	156	156	(a)	-0.1
All other	467	429	341	337	350	13	3.8
Total domestic exports	827	848	788	859	984	125	14.5
Foreign exports	629	616	579	573	575	2	0.3
Total U.S. exports (domestic and foreign)	1,456	1,464	1,367	1,432	1,559	127	8.8
U.S. general imports:
China	17,066	17,276	14,821	14,255	14,061	-194	-1.4
Vietnam	3,623	4,474	4,911	5,525	6,208	682	12.4
Indonesia	1,235	1,426	1,462	1,509	1,539	30	2.0
Italy	1,444	1,408	1,358	1,370	1,542	172	12.6
Mexico	499	493	413	416	500	84	20.2
India	349	468	503	448	440	-9	-1.9
Cambodia	128	218	255	271	329	58	21.5
Dominican Rep	297	327	312	271	257	-14	-5.2
Spain	213	224	243	233	242	9	3.7
Canada	59	73	50	52	51	(a)	-0.5
All other	1,106	1,264	1,306	1,291	1,399	108	8.4
Total general imports	26,018	27,650	25,634	25,640	26,567	927	3.6

Source: Compiled from official statistics of the U.S. Department of Commerce.
Note: Import values are based on U.S. customs value; export values are based on free alongside ship value, U.S. port of export. Calculations are based on unrounded data. The countries are sorted by largest total U.S. trade (U.S. general imports plus U.S. domestic exports) in these products in the most recent year.
a Less than $500,000.
b The amount of change was not meaningful for purposes of comparison.

Table FW.2 Footwear: Leading changes in U.S. exports and imports, 2014–18

	Million $
Item	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	Absolute change, 2017–18	Percent change, 2017–18
U.S. total exports:
Increases:
Footwear (FW001)	827	848	788	859	984	125	14.5
Total	827	848	788	859	984	125	14.5
U.S. general imports:
Increases:
Footwear (FW001)	26,018	27,650	25,634	25,640	26,567	927	3.6
Total	26,018	27,650	25,634	25,640	26,567	927	3.6

Forest Products

Table FP.1 Forest products: U.S. exports and general imports, by selected trading partners, 2014–18

	Million $
Item	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	Absolute change, 2017–18	Percent change, 2017–18
U.S. total exports:
Canada	10,100	9,477	9,020	9,221	9,368	148	1.6
China	6,930	6,361	6,775	7,479	6,805	-674	-9.0
Mexico	5,477	5,518	5,441	5,704	5,917	214	3.7
Brazil	376	350	291	264	246	-19	-7.1
United Kingdom	1,675	1,821	1,666	1,638	1,740	102	6.2
Japan	2,139	1,962	1,870	1,903	1,994	91	4.8
Germany	715	628	612	618	642	24	3.9
South Korea	880	809	763	769	828	59	7.7
Indonesia	378	369	393	451	594	143	31.9
India	879	699	686	824	991	168	20.3
All other	9,980	9,482	8,710	9,261	10,251	990	10.7
Total domestic exports	39,529	37,476	36,228	38,132	39,378	1,246	3.3
Foreign exports	1,640	1,584	1,472	1,460	1,484	24	1.6
Total U.S. exports (domestic and foreign)	41,169	39,060	37,700	39,592	40,862	1,270	3.2
U.S. general imports:
Canada	18,971	18,070	18,704	19,089	19,767	677	3.5
China	8,873	9,522	9,561	9,816	10,530	713	7.3
Mexico	1,817	1,950	1,906	1,978	2,150	171	8.7
Brazil	2,166	2,207	2,181	2,457	2,873	416	16.9
United Kingdom	624	622	627	667	739	71	10.7
Japan	453	460	449	443	428	-15	-3.3
Germany	1,108	1,173	1,185	1,422	1,669	247	17.4
South Korea	616	578	544	537	696	158	29.5
Indonesia	768	749	667	633	880	247	39.0
India	206	223	251	282	357	75	26.7
All other	6,611	6,835	7,040	7,497	8,610	1,112	14.8
Total general imports	42,213	42,390	43,115	44,822	48,696	3,874	8.6

Table FP.2 Forest products: Leading changes in U.S. exports and imports, 2014–18

	Million $
Item	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	Absolute change, 2017–18	Percent change, 2017–18
U.S. total exports:
Increases:
Paperboard (FP011A)	6,848	6,601	6,402	7,088	7,863	775	10.9
Wood pulp and recovered paper (FP009)	8,702	8,483	8,289	8,625	9,280	655	7.6
Logs and rough wood products (FP001)	3,390	3,105	3,046	3,420	3,595	175	5.1
Paper boxes and bags (FP010)	1,864	1,904	1,869	1,908	1,944	36	1.9
Decreases:
Printing and writing papers (FP013)	1,212	982	907	1,126	947	-179	-15.9
Lumber (FP002)	3,609	3,216	3,403	3,888	3,764	-123	-3.2
Newsprint (FP012)	312	246	149	142	108	-35	-24.3
All other	13,592	12,939	12,164	11,935	11,878	-58	-0.5
Total	39,529	37,476	36,228	38,132	39,378	1,246	3.3
U.S. general imports:
Increases:
Wood veneer and wood panels (FP004)	4,806	5,227	5,729	6,139	7,028	890	14.5
Lumber (FP002)	5,731	5,447	6,609	7,100	7,199	99	1.4
Decreases:
Newsprint (FP012)	1,316	1,068	979	907	877	-30	-3.3
All other	30,360	30,647	29,797	30,676	33,591	2,915	9.5
Total	42,213	42,390	43,115	44,822	48,696	3,874	8.6

Machinery

Table MT.1 Machinery: U.S. exports and general imports, by selected trading partners, 2014–18

	Million $
Item	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	Absolute change, 2017–18	Percent change, 2017–18
U.S. total exports:
China	9,600	9,485	8,976	9,730	11,230	1,500	15.4
Mexico	18,254	18,101	17,072	17,497	18,219	723	4.1
Canada	25,865	23,344	20,599	21,599	22,834	1,234	5.7
Germany	3,874	3,935	3,911	4,375	4,537	162	3.7
Japan	3,825	4,306	3,743	5,130	5,927	797	15.5
South Korea	6,510	5,919	5,307	8,340	7,058	-1,282	-15.4
Italy	1,047	1,104	962	1,086	1,218	132	12.1
Taiwan	4,289	4,873	5,258	4,683	4,285	-398	-8.5
United Kingdom	3,652	3,445	3,381	3,503	3,851	347	9.9
Netherlands	2,157	2,128	2,066	2,253	2,592	339	15.0
All other	48,261	43,357	37,494	37,081	38,998	1,917	5.2
Total domestic exports	127,333	119,997	108,766	115,278	120,749	5,471	4.7
Foreign exports	18,647	18,862	19,416	20,926	22,530	1,604	7.7
Total U.S. exports (domestic and foreign)	145,981	138,859	128,183	136,204	143,279	7,075	5.2
U.S. general imports:
China	48,144	50,512	48,408	52,980	59,405	6,425	12.1
Mexico	29,054	30,105	29,888	31,391	33,736	2,346	7.5
Canada	13,696	12,920	12,173	13,541	14,512	970	7.2
Germany	17,882	17,675	17,298	19,085	20,934	1,849	9.7
Japan	18,827	17,381	17,308	18,689	18,924	235	1.3
South Korea	7,110	7,583	7,082	7,902	8,231	329	4.2
Italy	7,215	7,042	6,804	7,574	8,427	853	11.3
Taiwan	4,389	4,445	4,125	4,612	5,128	516	11.2
United Kingdom	4,239	4,144	3,730	3,833	4,233	401	10.5
Netherlands	4,277	2,906	2,484	3,233	3,970	736	22.8
All other	30,697	31,213	30,189	33,481	37,158	3,677	11.0
Total general imports	185,529	185,926	179,487	196,320	214,658	18,338	9.3

Table MT.2 Machinery: leading changes in U.S. exports and imports, 2014–18

	Million $
Item	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	Absolute change, 2017–18	Percent change, 2017–18
U.S. total exports:
Increases:
Centrifuges and filtering and purifying equipment (MT005)	7,569	7,437	6,648	7,113	8,044	930	13.1
Semiconductor manufacturing equipment (MT019A)	14,555	15,894	16,639	21,364	22,276	912	4.3
Farm and garden machinery and equipment (MT009)	10,732	9,412	8,381	9,581	10,216	635	6.6
Decreases:
Boilers, turbines, and related machinery (MT022)	1,670	1,748	1,660	1,252	914	-339	-27.1
All other	92,807	85,506	75,439	75,968	79,300	3,332	4.4
Total	127,333	119,997	108,766	115,278	120,749	5,471	4.7
U.S. general imports:
Increases:
Household appliances, including commercial applications (MT004)	24,322	26,240	25,817	27,569	29,574	2,006	7.3
Air-conditioning equipment and parts (MT002)	16,859	16,826	17,149	18,830	20,752	1,922	10.2
Taps, cocks, valves, and similar devices (MT020)	15,335	14,882	13,447	14,516	16,274	1,759	12.1
Farm and garden machinery and equipment (MT009)	9,134	8,592	7,697	7,829	9,253	1,424	18.2
Decreases:
Welding and soldering equipment (MT028)	1,340	1,448	1,556	2,022	1,745	-276	-13.7
Boilers, turbines, and related machinery (MT022)	1,446	1,608	1,381	1,362	1,260	-103	-7.5
All other	117,093	116,330	112,440	124,192	135,799	11,607	9.3
Total	185,529	185,926	179,487	196,320	214,658	18,338	9.3

Minerals and Metals

Table MM.1 Minerals and metals: U.S. exports and general imports, by selected trading partners, 2014–18

	Million $
Item	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	Absolute change, 2017–18	Percent change, 2017–18
U.S. total exports:
Canada	27,443	23,717	22,258	23,509	24,617	1,108	4.7
China	10,440	7,729	7,000	8,769	7,596	-1,172	-13.4
Mexico	20,896	20,327	18,324	18,972	20,689	1,717	9.0
India	2,314	4,029	3,129	3,877	4,351	474	12.2
Germany	3,821	3,639	3,427	4,159	4,727	569	13.7
United Kingdom	6,817	6,715	6,612	7,649	9,568	1,919	25.1
Japan	3,426	3,147	3,001	3,123	3,741	618	19.8
Switzerland	7,244	7,725	7,745	7,249	7,274	25	0.3
Israel	576	955	942	568	572	5	0.8
South Korea	3,331	2,881	2,426	2,501	3,001	500	20.0
All other	35,471	28,805	24,945	27,633	28,695	1,061	3.8
Total domestic exports	121,780	109,667	99,807	108,008	114,833	6,824	6.3
Foreign exports	31,130	26,000	28,873	28,439	31,441	3,002	10.6
Total U.S. exports (domestic and foreign)	152,910	135,667	128,680	136,447	146,274	9,827	7.2
U.S. general imports:
Canada	33,324	29,763	28,785	31,581	32,830	1,249	4.0
China	31,039	32,041	30,281	32,990	36,854	3,865	11.7
Mexico	19,503	18,103	18,084	19,365	21,152	1,787	9.2
India	11,084	10,856	11,429	12,139	13,130	991	8.2
Germany	8,203	7,763	6,906	7,974	9,372	1,398	17.5
United Kingdom	3,835	3,084	2,989	2,974	3,194	220	7.4
Japan	7,401	6,758	6,234	6,354	6,702	348	5.5
Switzerland	2,051	1,671	4,803	1,689	1,703	14	0.8
Israel	9,962	9,002	7,734	7,810	8,309	500	6.4
South Korea	7,716	6,908	5,309	5,824	5,788	-36	-0.6
All other	71,383	63,315	60,997	71,882	76,251	4,369	6.1
Total general imports	205,500	189,262	183,551	200,580	215,285	14,706	7.3

Table MM.2 Minerals and metals: Leading changes in U.S. exports and imports, 2014–18

	Million $
Item	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	Absolute change, 2017–18	Percent change, 2017–18
U.S. total exports:
Increases:
Precious metals and non-numismatic coins (MM020)	26,603	25,153	22,751	25,442	27,192	1,750	6.9
Copper and related articles (MM036)	7,620	6,202	5,586	6,356	7,602	1,245	19.6
Iron and steel waste and scrap (MM023)	6,167	4,020	3,550	4,863	5,908	1,045	21.5
Certain base metals and chemical elements (MM041)	4,370	4,253	3,999	4,320	5,003	682	15.8
Decreases:
Steel mill products (MM025)	15,928	12,816	10,923	12,639	11,714	-925	-7.3
Natural and synthetic gemstones (MM019)	2,184	3,041	2,921	2,424	1,837	-587	-24.2
All other	58,909	54,182	50,079	51,964	55,577	3,614	7.0
Total	121,780	109,667	99,807	108,008	114,833	6,824	6.3
U.S. general imports:
Increases:
Miscellaneous products of base metal (MM031)	16,471	16,966	16,751	18,030	19,831	1,801	10.0
Natural and synthetic gemstones (MM019)	26,491	25,375	26,093	25,021	26,387	1,366	5.5
Certain base metals and chemical elements (MM041)	6,722	5,342	4,421	5,480	6,480	1,000	18.2
Decreases:
Unwrought aluminum (MM037)	8,483	8,376	8,949	11,851	11,413	-438	-3.7
All other	147,333	133,203	127,337	140,198	151,175	10,977	7.8
Total	205,500	189,262	183,551	200,580	215,285	14,706	7.3

Textiles and Apparel

Table TX.1 Textiles and apparel: U.S. exports and general imports, by selected trading partners, 2014–18

	Million $
Item	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	Absolute change, 2017–18	Percent change, 2017–18
U.S. total exports:
China	1,231	985	855	851	766	-85	-10.0
Vietnam	96	93	89	102	140	37	36.6
Mexico	4,627	4,520	4,157	4,139	4,369	230	5.6
India	171	175	193	161	178	17	10.6
Canada	3,952	3,684	3,600	3,751	3,656	-96	-2.5
Bangladesh	21	22	11	14	9	-6	-39.4
Indonesia	167	132	96	82	102	20	24.3
Honduras	1,541	1,521	1,455	1,497	1,541	44	3.0
Pakistan	34	25	21	23	25	3	11.5
Italy	149	136	134	140	164	24	17.5
All other	8,048	7,734	7,051	7,084	7,317	233	3.3
Total domestic exports	20,036	19,025	17,662	17,844	18,266	422	2.4
Foreign exports	3,949	4,275	4,072	4,302	4,446	143	3.3
Total U.S. exports (domestic and foreign)	23,985	23,300	21,734	22,146	22,712	565	2.6
U.S. general imports:
China	47,219	48,885	45,191	45,014	46,979	1,965	4.4
Vietnam	9,822	11,151	11,361	12,166	12,938	771	6.3
Mexico	5,976	5,902	5,798	6,097	6,148	50	0.8
India	7,384	7,951	7,949	8,194	8,550	356	4.3
Canada	2,303	2,243	2,181	2,230	2,332	101	4.5
Bangladesh	5,051	5,658	5,547	5,331	5,688	357	6.7
Indonesia	5,279	5,414	5,143	4,985	4,927	-58	-1.2
Honduras	2,726	2,812	2,673	2,589	2,715	126	4.9
Pakistan	3,228	3,210	2,901	2,944	3,065	122	4.1
Italy	2,438	2,308	2,137	2,190	2,455	265	12.1
All other	30,263	31,002	29,351	29,631	31,866	2,235	7.5
Total general imports	121,688	126,535	120,231	121,372	127,663	6,291	5.2

Source: Compiled from official statistics of the U.S. Department of Commerce.
Note: Import values are based on U.S. customs value; export values are based on free alongside ship value, U.S. port of export. Calculations are based on unrounded data. The countries are sorted by largest total U.S. trade (U.S. general imports plus U.S. domestic exports) in these products in the most recent year.

Table TX.2 Textiles and apparel: Leading changes in U.S. exports and imports, 2014–18

	Million $
Item	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	Absolute change, 2017–18	Percent change, 2017–18
U.S. total exports:
Increases:
Apparel (TX005)	3,436	3,355	3,098	3,027	3,223	196	6.5
Fabrics (TX002)	6,631	6,382	5,959	6,008	6,133	125	2.1
Miscellaneous textile products (TX006)	3,118	2,925	2,732	2,887	2,960	73	2.5
Fibers and yarns, except raw cotton and raw wool (TX001)	5,266	4,873	4,451	4,449	4,516	67	1.5
Decreases:
Carpets and rugs (TX003)	1,060	975	913	935	902	-33	-3.5
Home furnishings (TX004)	526	515	510	538	532	-5	-1.0
All other	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.0
Total	20,036	19,025	17,662	17,844	18,266	422	2.4
U.S. general imports:
Increases:
Apparel (TX005)	90,461	93,922	88,478	88,540	92,298	3,758	4.2
Miscellaneous textile products (TX006)	7,343	7,850	7,840	8,239	8,867	628	7.6
Home furnishings (TX004)	10,372	10,979	10,699	11,283	11,872	588	5.2
Fabrics (TX002)	7,199	7,397	7,086	7,026	7,544	518	7.4
Fibers and yarns, except raw cotton and raw wool (TX001)	3,860	3,868	3,466	3,517	3,981	464	13.2
Carpets and rugs (TX003)	2,454	2,519	2,662	2,768	3,101	334	12.1
All other	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.0
Total	121,688	126,535	120,231	121,372	127,663	6,291	5.2

Transportation Equipment

Table TE.1 Transportation equipment: U.S. exports and general imports, by selected trading partners, 2014–18

	Million $
Item	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	Absolute change, 2017–18	Percent change, 2017–18
U.S. total exports:
Mexico	35,398	36,625	34,051	34,578	36,747	2,169	6.3
Canada	69,907	66,632	66,075	70,490	71,748	1,258	1.8
Japan	9,893	9,819	10,444	9,052	9,186	134	1.5
China	28,934	27,964	26,948	30,453	28,999	-1,454	-4.8
Germany	13,390	14,079	13,658	14,326	15,762	1,435	10.0
United Kingdom	12,081	12,897	13,937	11,856	14,745	2,889	24.4
South Korea	5,919	7,554	8,114	6,028	6,165	137	2.3
France	8,416	9,300	10,298	11,045	12,791	1,746	15.8
Italy	2,822	3,133	2,258	2,542	3,234	692	27.2
Brazil	6,984	6,016	5,170	6,677	6,918	241	3.6
All Other	112,290	104,049	98,140	94,437	96,939	2,502	2.6
Total domestic exports	306,032	298,069	289,091	291,484	303,233	11,749	4.0
Foreign exports	30,407	29,305	30,915	34,094	34,709	615	1.8
Total U.S. exports (domestic and foreign)	336,439	327,374	320,006	325,578	337,942	12,364	3.8
U.S. general imports:
Mexico	96,659	104,403	105,197	114,193	126,991	12,797	11.2
Canada	74,542	73,961	73,657	71,871	70,778	-1,093	-1.5
Japan	65,209	66,111	68,644	70,605	72,545	1,940	2.7
China	21,554	23,931	24,232	26,344	30,434	4,090	15.5
Germany	46,180	47,996	39,884	38,963	37,629	-1,334	-3.4
United Kingdom	14,106	14,850	15,437	15,840	18,876	3,036	19.2
South Korea	23,960	27,015	25,305	25,300	24,173	-1,127	-4.5
France	13,891	13,946	12,642	13,760	14,253	493	3.6
Italy	7,896	9,131	8,792	9,967	11,244	1,276	12.8
Brazil	4,254	4,781	5,041	4,676	4,524	-152	-3.3
All other	35,772	40,297	39,482	43,342	48,281	4,939	11.4
Total general imports	404,024	426,421	418,314	434,862	459,727	24,864	5.7

Table TE.2 Transportation equipment: Leading changes in U.S. exports and imports, 2014–18

	Million $
Item	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	Absolute change, 2017–18	Percent change, 2017–18
U.S. total exports:
Increases:
Aircraft, spacecraft, and related equipment (TE013)	113,744	118,944	120,491	115,717	123,710	7,993	6.9
Construction and mining equipment (TE004)	20,361	15,392	10,343	11,631	13,766	2,135	18.4
Internal combustion piston engines, other than for aircraft (TE002)	20,226	18,040	16,915	19,659	21,030	1,371	7.0
Decreases:
Motor vehicles (TE009)	73,703	67,362	66,651	68,495	67,271	-1,224	-1.8
All other	77,998	78,331	74,692	75,982	77,456	1,474	1.9
Total	306,032	298,069	289,091	291,484	303,233	11,749	4.0
U.S. general imports:
Increases:
Certain motor-vehicle parts (TE010)	82,106	86,139	85,865	85,225	91,166	5,941	7.0
Construction and mining equipment (TE004)	15,401	14,881	12,655	14,530	18,301	3,770	25.9
Aircraft engines and gas turbines (TE001)	21,680	22,428	21,914	23,629	26,569	2,940	12.4
Decreases:
Ships, tugs, pleasure boats, and similar vessels (TE014)	1,561	2,813	2,077	2,577	2,250	-327	-12.7
All other	283,275	300,160	295,803	308,901	321,442	12,540	4.1
Total	404,024	426,421	418,314	434,862	459,727	24,864	5.7

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