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News Release 25-030
Inv. No(s). 337-TA-1441
Contact: Claire Huber, 202-205-1819
The U.S. International Trade Commission (Commission or USITC) voted to institute an investigation of certain glass substrates for liquid crystal displays, products containing the same, and methods for manufacturing the same. The products at issue in the investigation are described in the Commission’s notice of investigation.
The investigation is based on a complaint filed by Corning Incorporated of Corning, N.Y., on January 31, 2025. A supplement was filed on February 3, 2025. The complaint, as supplemented, alleges violations of section 337 of the Tariff Act of 1930 in the importation into the United States and sale of certain glass substrates for liquid crystal displays, products containing the same, and methods for manufacturing he same that infringe patents asserted by the complainant. The complainant requests that the USITC issue a limited exclusion order and cease and desist orders.
The USITC has identified the following respondents in this investigation:
- Caihong Display Devices Co., Ltd., d/b/a Irico Display Devices Co., Ltd., Xianyang City, China
- HKC Corporation Ltd., Shenzhen City, China
- HKC Overseas Ltd., Hong Kong
- Hisense USA Corporation., Suwanee, Ga.
- LG Electronics U.S.A., Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N.J.
- TCL China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd.., Shenzhen City, China
- TTE Technology, Inc. d/b/a TCL America, Irvine, Calif.
- VIZIO, Inc., Irvine, Calif.
- Xianyang CaiHong Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd., Xianyang City, China
By instituting this investigation (337-TA-1441), the USITC has not yet made any decision on the merits of the case. The USITC’s Chief Administrative Law Judge will assign the case to one of the USITC’s administrative law judges (ALJ), who will schedule and hold an evidentiary hearing. The ALJ will make an initial determination as to whether there is a violation of section 337; that initial determination is subject to review by the Commission.
The USITC will make a final determination in the investigation at the earliest practicable time. Within 45 days after institution of the investigation, the USITC will set a target date for completing the investigation. USITC remedial orders in section 337 cases are effective when issued and become final 60 days after issuance unless disapproved for policy reasons by the U.S. Trade Representative within that 60-day period.
News Release 25-029
Inv. No(s). 701-TA-754, 731-TA-1732 (Preliminary)
Contact: Claire Huber, 202-205-1819
The United States International Trade Commission (Commission or USITC) today determined that there is a reasonable indication that a U.S. industry is materially injured by reason of imports of temporary steel fencing from China that are allegedly sold in the United States at less than fair value and subsidized by the government of China.
Chair Amy A. Karpel and Commissioners David S. Johanson and Jason E. Kearns voted in the affirmative.
As a result of the Commission’s affirmative determinations, the U.S. Department of Commerce will continue its investigations of imports of temporary steel fencing from China, with its preliminary antidumping duty determination due on or about June 24, 2025, and its preliminary countervailing duty determination due on April 10, 2025.
The Commission’s public report, Temporary Steel Fencing from China (Inv. Nos. 701-TA-754 and 731-TA-1732 (Preliminary), USITC Publication 5597, March 2025), will contain the views of the Commission and information developed during the investigations.
The report will be available by April 7, 2025; when available, it may be accessed on the USITC website at https://www.usitc.gov/commission_publications_library.
News Release 25 -029
Inv. No(s). 701-TA-609, 731-TA-1421
Contact: Jennifer Andberg, 202-205-1819
The U.S. International Trade Commission (Commission or USITC) today determined that revoking the existing antidumping duty and countervailing duty orders on steel trailer wheels from China would be likely to lead to continuation or recurrence of material injury within a reasonably foreseeable time.
As a result of the Commission’s affirmative determinations, the existing orders on imports of these products from China will remain in place.
Chair Amy A. Karpel and Commissioners David S. Johanson and Jason E. Kearns voted in the affirmative.
Today’s action comes under the five-year (sunset) review process required by the Uruguay Round Agreements Act. See the attached page for background on these five-year (sunset) reviews.
The Commission’s public report on Steel Trailer Wheels from China (Inv. No. 701-TA-609 and 731-TA-1421 (Review), USITC Publication 5596, February 2025) will contain the views of the Commission and information developed during the reviews.
The report will be available by March 27, 2025; when available, it may be accessed on the USITC website at: https://www.usitc.gov/commission_publications_library.
BACKGROUND
The Uruguay Round Agreements Act requires the Department of Commerce to revoke an antidumping or countervailing duty order, or terminate a suspension agreement, after five years unless the Department of Commerce and the USITC determine that revoking the order or terminating the suspension agreement would be likely to lead to continuation or recurrence of dumping or subsidies (Commerce) and of material injury (USITC) within a reasonably foreseeable time.
The Commission’s institution notice in five-year reviews requests that interested parties file responses with the Commission concerning the likely effects of revoking the order under review as well as other information. Generally within 95 days from institution, the Commission will determine whether the responses it has received reflect an adequate or inadequate level of interest in a full review. If responses to the USITC’s notice of institution are adequate, or if other circumstances warrant a full review, the Commission conducts a full review, which includes a public hearing and issuance of questionnaires.
The Commission generally does not hold a hearing or conduct further investigative activities in expedited reviews. Commissioners base their injury determination in expedited reviews on the facts available, including the Commission’s prior injury and review determinations, responses received to its notice of institution, data collected by staff in connection with the reviews, and information provided by the Department of Commerce.
The five-year (sunset) review concerning Steel Trailer Wheels from China was instituted on August 1, 2024.
On November 4, 2024, the Commission determined to conduct expedited five-year reviews. Chair Amy A. Karpel and Commissioners David S. Johanson, Rhonda K. Schmidtlein and Jason E. Kearns concluded that the domestic interested party group response was adequate, and the respondent interested party group response was inadequate and voted for an expedited review.
A record of the Commission’s vote to conduct expedited review is available on the investigations page for Steel Trailer Wheels from China; Inv. No. 701-TA-609 and 731-TA-14217 (Review).
News Release 25-027
Inv. No(s). 332-598
Contact: Claire Huber, 202-205-1819
The U.S. International Trade Commission (Commission or USITC) today released a U.S. Trade Representative (USTR)-requested report that calculates the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions intensities of U.S. steel and aluminum industries. The report, Greenhouse Gas Emissions Intensities of the U.S. Steel and Aluminum Industries at the Product Level, was requested by the USTR in a letter received on June 5, 2023.
USTR’s request letter asked the USITC to:
- Calculate the GHG emissions intensity of steel and aluminum produced in the United States by product category in 2022, with data on scope 1, 2 and 3 emissions.
- Describe the methodologies the USITC used to collect relevant information and calculate the emissions intensity estimates.
- Identify where emissions occur during manufacturing, with respect to the production stages and sourcing location of inputs.
To gather data for the calculation of product-level emissions intensity estimates, the USITC surveyed all U.S. facilities that produced the steel and aluminum products covered under the section 232 investigation in 2022.
This report conveys the Commission’s factual findings and analyses. The Commission makes no recommendations on policy or other matters in this report.
Major Findings of the Investigation
The processes and inputs used in U.S. steel and aluminum production drive their emission intensities.
Semifinished Steel
The average emissions intensity estimate for U.S. carbon and other alloy semifinished steel was 1.02 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent per metric ton of steel (mt CO2e/mt steel) in 2022.
- The emissions intensities estimates of U.S. carbon and alloy steel products are primarily influenced by two factors:
- The production pathway (the more emissions-intensive blast furnace and basic oxygen furnace, or BF-BOF, pathway, versus the electric arc furnace, or EAF, pathway) used to produce the semifinished steel, which is used as substrate in mill products.
- The relative use of emissions-intensive upstream material inputs like pig iron and direct reduced iron.
- The average emissions intensity for U.S. stainless steel semifinished steel was 2.23 mt CO2e/mt steel in 2022. The emissions intensity of U.S. stainless steel products is mainly influenced by the reliance on emissions-intensive ferroalloy (an alloy of iron with a significant amount of one or more other elements, like chromium or nickel) inputs. All U.S. stainless semifinished steel-producing facilities reported operating an EAF. Therefore, variation in the production pathway does not drive emissions intensities for stainless steel.
Steel Mill Products
Average emissions intensities among carbon and alloy steel mill products ranged between 0.67 mt CO2e/mt steel for hot-worked long products and 2.17 mt CO2e/mt steel for coated flat products. Average emissions intensities among stainless steel mill products ranged between 2.31 mt CO2e/mt steel for hot-rolled flat and 4.55 mt CO2e/mt steel for wire.
- Further downstream steel products generally had higher emissions intensities than less-processed steel products. This is because each subsequent process in steel production involves more steps and therefore more opportunities for emissions.
- For carbon and alloy steel mill products, the most emissions-intensive processes in the U.S. steel industry occur during the upstream production of pig iron and semifinished steel. The additional subprocesses used to produce downstream products are also significant, however, leading to meaningful differences in emissions intensities across the carbon and alloy steel product categories.
- Stainless steel mill products are more emissions intensive than their carbon and alloy steel counterparts. This is due to the heavier use of energy and ferroalloys associated with stainless steel production.
Unwrought Aluminum
The average emissions intensity for all U.S. unwrought aluminum is 3.46 mt CO2e/mt aluminum. U.S. unwrought aluminum includes primary aluminum, which is produced from alumina at smelters using electrolysis, and secondary aluminum, which is produced by remelting primary aluminum and scrap-based inputs. Most U.S. unwrought production, in terms of volume and number of facilities, is of secondary unwrought aluminum.
- The average emissions intensity for U.S. primary unwrought aluminum is 14.52 mt CO2e/mt aluminum. The main drivers of the emissions intensity of primary unwrought aluminum are:
- The large quantities of electricity needed for electrolysis.
- The fuel mix used to generate high quantities of the necessary electricity.
- The average emissions intensity for U.S. secondary unwrought aluminum is 2.46 mt CO2e/mt aluminum. Production of secondary unwrought aluminum is much less energy intensive, using a fraction of the electricity of primary unwrought production. The emissions intensity of secondary unwrought aluminum is influenced by the amount of primary unwrought aluminum versus scrap used as inputs and, to a lesser extent, by the efficiency of the furnaces used to heat the metal.
Wrought Aluminum
The average emissions intensities for U.S. wrought aluminum products ranged from 4.97 mt CO2e/mt aluminum for plates, sheets and strip, to 8.66 mt CO2e/mt aluminum for foil. The two main factors that drive the differences in emissions intensities between wrought product categories are the:
- Amount of primary versus secondary unwrought aluminum used.
- Energy intensity of the various manufacturing processes.
Note: The Commission’s emissions intensity estimates for both steel and aluminum are calculated assuming that scrap inputs have zero embedded emissions.
Greenhouse Gas Emissions Intensities of the U.S. Steel and Aluminum Industries at the Product Level (Investigation No. 332-598, USITC Publication 5584, February 2025) is available on the USITC website.
About Factfinding Investigations
USITC general factfinding investigations culminating in a report, such as this one, cover matters related to tariffs, trade and competitiveness and are generally conducted under section 332(g) of the Tariff Act of 1930 at the request of the U.S. Trade Representative, the House Committee on Ways and Means or the Senate Committee on Finance. The resulting reports convey the Commission’s objective findings and independent analyses on the subjects investigated. The Commission makes no recommendations on policy or other matters in its general factfinding reports. Upon completion of each investigation, the USITC submits its findings and analyses to the requester. General factfinding investigation reports are subsequently released to the public unless they are classified by the requester for national security reasons.
News Release 25 -026
Inv. No(s). 701-TA-704-705, 731-TA-1664-1666
Contact: Jennifer Andberg, 202-205-1819
The U.S. International Trade Commission (Commission or USITC) today determined that a U.S. industry is materially injured by reason of imports of paper plates from China, Thailand, and Vietnam that the U.S. Department of Commerce (Commerce) has determined are sold in the United States at less than fair value and subsidized by the governments of China and Vietnam.
Chair Amy Karpel and Commissioners David S. Johanson and Jason E. Kearns voted in the affirmative.
As a result of the Commission’s affirmative determinations, Commerce will issue antidumping duty orders on imports of this product from China, Thailand, and Vietnam, and countervailing duty orders on imports of this product from China and Vietnam.
The Commission made an affirmative critical circumstances finding with regard to imports of this product from China.[1] The Commission made negative critical circumstances findings with regard to imports of this product from Thailand and Vietnam.[2]
The Commission’s public report Paper Plates from China, Thailand, and Vietnam (Inv. Nos. 701-TA-704-705 and 731-TA-1664-1666 (Final), USITC Publication 5595, March 2025) will contain the views of the Commission and information developed during the investigations.
The report will be available by April 10, 2025; when available, it may be accessed on the USITC website at: http://pubapps.usitc.gov/applications/publogs/qry_publication_loglist.asp.
Status of proceedings, links to relevant documents, and additional information for these investigations can be found at the Commission’s Investigations Database System (IDS).
In the press release issued on February 24, 2025, the following information was incorrect: date of the "USITC Publication 5595, February 2025". The correct information is: "USITC Publication 5595, March 2025".
[1] Commissioner David S. Johanson dissenting.
[2] Commissioner Jason E. Kearns dissenting with respect to Vietnam.
News Release 25-025
Inv. No(s). 337-TA-1440
Contact: Claire Huber, 202-205-1819
The U.S. International Trade Commission (Commission or USITC) voted to institute an investigation of certain motorized self-balancing vehicles. The products at issue in the investigation are described in the Commission’s notice of investigation.
The investigation is based on a complaint filed by Razor USA LLC of Cerritos, Calif., and Shane Chen of Camas, Wash., on January 3, 2025. An amended complaint was filed on January 21, 2025. The complaint, as amended, alleges violations of section 337 of the Tariff Act of 1930 in the importation into the United States and sale of certain motorized self-balancing vehicles that infringe patents asserted by the complainants. The complainants request that the USITC issue a limited exclusion order and cease and desist orders.
The USITC has identified the following respondents in this investigation:
- Dongguan Saibotan Nengyuan Keji Co., Ltd. d/b/a “Gyroor US,” Guangdong, China
- Golabs Inc. d/b/a Gotrax, Carrollton, Tex.
- Gyroor Technology (CHINA) Co., Ltd. d/b/a Gyroor, Guangdong, China
- Shenzhen Chitado Technology Co., Ltd. d/b/a Gyroor, Guangdong, China
- Unicorn Network, LLC. d/b/a/ Sisigad, Dover, Del.
By instituting this investigation (337-TA-1440), the USITC has not yet made any decision on the merits of the case. The USITC’s Chief Administrative Law Judge will assign the case to one of the USITC’s administrative law judges (ALJ), who will schedule and hold an evidentiary hearing. The ALJ will make an initial determination as to whether there is a violation of section 337; that initial determination is subject to review by the Commission.
The USITC will make a final determination in the investigation at the earliest practicable time. Within 45 days after institution of the investigation, the USITC will set a target date for completing the investigation. USITC remedial orders in section 337 cases are effective when issued and become final 60 days after issuance unless disapproved for policy reasons by the U.S. Trade Representative within that 60-day period.
News Release 25-023
Inv. No(s). 337-TA-1439
Contact: Claire Huber, 202-205-1819
The U.S. International Trade Commission (Commission or USITC) voted to institute an investigation of certain polyvinylidene fluoride resins. The products at issue in the investigation are described in the Commission’s notice of investigation.
The investigation is based on a complaint filed by Solvay Specialty Polymers, USA LLC of Alpharetta, Ga.; Syensqo SA of Brussels, Belgium; and Solvay Specialty Polymers Italy S.P.A. of Bollate, Italy, on January 13, 2025, and supplemented on February 3, 2025. The complaint, as supplemented, alleges violations of section 337 of the Tariff Act of 1930 in the importation into the United States and sale of certain polyvinylidene fluoride resins that infringe a patent asserted by the complainants. The complainants request that the USITC issue a limited exclusion order and cease and desist orders.
The USITC has identified the following respondents in this investigation:
- Sinochem Lantian Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
- Inner Mongolia 3F Wanhao Fluorochemical Industry Co. Ltd., Fengzhen, China
- Zhejiang Juhua Co., Ltd, Quzhou, China
- Zhejiang Fluorine Chemical New Material Co. Ltd., Shaoxing, China
- Hubei Fluorine New Materials Co., Ltd., Qianjiang, China
By instituting this investigation (337-TA-1439), the USITC has not yet made any decision on the merits of the case. The USITC’s Chief Administrative Law Judge will assign the case to one of the USITC’s administrative law judges (ALJ), who will schedule and hold an evidentiary hearing. The ALJ will make an initial determination as to whether there is a violation of section 337; that initial determination is subject to review by the Commission.
The USITC will make a final determination in the investigation at the earliest practicable time. Within 45 days after institution of the investigation, the USITC will set a target date for completing the investigation. USITC remedial orders in section 337 cases are effective when issued and become final 60 days after issuance unless disapproved for policy reasons by the U.S. Trade Representative within that 60-day period.
News Release 25-020
Inv. No(s). 337-TA-1438
Contact: Claire Huber, 202-205-1819
The U.S. International Trade Commission (Commission or USITC) voted to institute an investigation of certain photovoltaic trunk bus cable assemblies and components thereof. The products at issue in the investigation are described in the Commission’s notice of investigation.
The investigation is based on a complaint filed by Shoals Technologies, LLC, of Portland, Tenn., on January 10, 2025. Supplements to the complaint were filed on January 24, 2025. The complaint, as supplemented, alleges violations of section 337 of the Tariff Act of 1930 in the importation into the United States and sale of certain photovoltaic trunk bus cable assemblies and components thereof that infringe patents asserted by the complainant. The complainant requests that the USITC issue a limited exclusion order and cease and desist orders.
The USITC has identified the following respondents in this investigation:
- Voltage, LLC, Chapel Hill, N.C.
- Ningbo Voltage Smart Production Co., Ningbo, China
By instituting this investigation (337-TA-1438), the USITC has not yet made any decision on the merits of the case. The USITC’s Chief Administrative Law Judge will assign the case to one of the USITC’s administrative law judges (ALJ), who will schedule and hold an evidentiary hearing. The ALJ will make an initial determination as to whether there is a violation of section 337; that initial determination is subject to review by the Commission.
The USITC will make a final determination in the investigation at the earliest practicable time. Within 45 days after institution of the investigation, the USITC will set a target date for completing the investigation. USITC remedial orders in section 337 cases are effective when issued and become final 60 days after issuance unless disapproved for policy reasons by the U.S. Trade Representative within that 60-day period.ed and become final 60 days after issuance unless disapproved for policy reasons by the U.S. Trade Representative within that 60-day period.
News Release 24-020
Inv. No(s). 701-TA-450 , 731-TA-1122
Contact: Jennifer Andberg, 202-205-1819
The U.S. International Trade Commission (USITC) today determined that revoking the existing antidumping and countervailing duty orders on laminated woven sacks from China would be likely to lead to continuation or recurrence of material injury within a reasonably foreseeable time.
As a result of the Commission’s affirmative determinations, the existing orders on imports of these products from China will remain in place.
Chair Amy A. Karpel and Commissioners David S. Johanson and Jason E. Kearns voted in the affirmative.
Today’s action comes under the five-year (sunset) review process required by the Uruguay Round Agreements Act. See the attached page for background on these five-year (sunset) reviews.
The Commission’s public report on Laminated Woven Sacks from China (Inv. Nos. 701-TA-450 and 731-TA-1122 (Third Review), USITC Publication 5589, February 2025) will contain the views of the Commission and information developed during the reviews.
The report will be available by March 13, 2025; when available, it may be accessed on the USITC website at: https://www.usitc.gov/commission_publications_library.
BACKGROUND
The Uruguay Round Agreements Act requires the Department of Commerce (Commerce) to revoke an antidumping or countervailing duty order, or terminate a suspension agreement, after five years unless Commerce and the USITC determine that revoking the order or terminating the suspension agreement would be likely to lead to continuation or recurrence of dumping or subsidies (Commerce) and of material injury (USITC) within a reasonably foreseeable time.
The Commission’s institution notice in five-year reviews requests that interested parties file responses with the Commission concerning the likely effects of revoking the order under review as well as other information. Generally within 95 days from institution, the Commission will determine whether the responses it has received reflect an adequate or inadequate level of interest in a full review. If responses to the USITC’s notice of institution are adequate, or if other circumstances warrant a full review, the Commission conducts a full review, which includes a public hearing and issuance of questionnaires.
The Commission generally does not hold a hearing or conduct further investigative activities in expedited reviews. Commissioners base their injury determination in expedited reviews on the facts available, including the Commission’s prior injury and review determinations, responses received to its notice of institution, data collected by staff in connection with the reviews, and information provided by the Department of Commerce.
The five-year (sunset) review concerning Laminated Woven Sacks from China was instituted on July 1, 2024.
On October 4, 2024, the Commission determined to conduct expedited five-year reviews. Chair Amy A. Karpel and Commissioners Rhonda K. Schmidtlein and Jason E. Kearns concluded that the domestic interested party group response was adequate, and the respondent interested party group response was inadequate and voted for an expedited review. Commissioner David S. Johanson concluded that the domestic interested party group response was adequate, and the respondent interested party group response was inadequate and voted for a full review.
A record of the Commission’s vote to conduct expedited reviews is available on the investigations page for Laminated Woven Sacks from China; Inv. No. 701-TA-450 and 731-TA-1122 (Review 3).
News Release 25 -019
Inv. No(s). 731-TA-1662 and 1663
Contact: Jennifer Andberg, 202-205-1819
The U.S. International Trade Commission (USITC) today determined that a U.S. industry is not materially injured or threatened with material injury by reason of imports of glass wine bottles from China and Mexico that the U.S. Department of Commerce (Commerce) has determined are sold in the United States at less than fair value.
Chair Amy Karpel and Commissioners David S. Johanson and Jason E. Kearns voted in the negative.
As a result of the Commission’s negative determinations, Commerce will not issue antidumping duty orders on imports of this product from China and Mexico.
The Commission’s public report Glass Wine Bottles from China and Mexico (Inv. Nos.731-TA-1662 and 1663 (Final), USITC Publication 5588, February 2025) will contain the views of the Commission and information developed during the investigations.
The report will be available by March 18, 2025; when available, it may be accessed on the USITC website at: http://pubapps.usitc.gov/applications/publogs/qry_publication_loglist.asp.
Status of proceedings, links to relevant documents, and additional information for these investigations can be found at the Commission’s Investigations Database System (IDS)..