How Does Increased EV Production Affect U.S. Automotive Employment?
Topic
Advanced Technology
Labor
Manufacturing
Regional Focus
United States
Publication Topics
Manufacturing
Chinese Wind Turbine Export Growth Continued in 2021
Topic
Energy
Environment
International trade
Investment
Manufacturing
Regional Focus
China
Publication Topics
Challenges Facing Selected Industries and Related Global Supply Chains During the Ongoing COVID-19 Pandemic
Publication Number
2022-02-C
Topic
Manufacturing
Services
Value Chain
Publication Topics
Residential Heat Pump (Hybrid) Water Heater Market, Production, and Trade
Topic
Advanced Technology
Energy
Environment
Innovation
Manufacturing
Regional Focus
Mexico
Publication Topics
Author(s)
Mihir P. Torsekar
Published
March 2018
Abstract
This article discusses China’s transition towards higher-value-added segments of the medical device global value chain (GVC) as observed through changes in both the composition of foreign direct investment (FDI) and in the technological complexity of its medical device exports. The period under review is primarily 2003–17.
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Author(s)
Andre Barbe,
Dan Kim,
David Riker
Published
July 2018
Abstract
The pattern of international trade, employment, and wages within the U.S. semiconductor industry shifted significantly during 2006–16. We examine the aggregate trends in these economic variables over this 10-year period, broken into 5-year segments, using detailed data on labor market outcomes by occupation, and data on trade flows by country. China and Vietnam became far more important in U.S. semiconductor trade as both import and export markets. These shifts in trade flows are reflected in the increase in earnings of workers in the U.S. semiconductor industry. Average earnings in the industry rose over the last decade, mostly due to a shift in the workforce to engineers and the technicians that support them. These trends in the semiconductor industry are broadly consistent with the predictions of the model of international trade in tasks found in Grossman and Rossi-Hansberg (2008).
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Author(s)
David Coffin ,
Jeff Horowitz
Published
December 2018
Abstract
Electric vehicles (EVs) are a growing part of the passenger vehicle industry due to improved technology, customer interest in reducing carbon footprints, and policy incentives. EV batteries are the key determinant of both the range and cost of the vehicle. This paper explains the importance of EV batteries, describes the structure of the EV battery supply chain, examines current limitations in trade data for EV batteries, and estimates the value added to EV batteries for EVs sold in the United States.
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Author(s)
Samantha DeCarlo,
Daniel Matthews
Published
February 2019
Abstract
Demand for cobalt—a major input in the production of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) used in electric vehicles (EVs)—is growing due to recent technological advancements and government policies designed to promote the use of EVs. This has led major automakers, battery manufacturers, personal electronic device companies, and their suppliers to attempt to secure stable supplies and develop new sources of cobalt throughout the world. Moreover, the rising demand for cobalt has led to global supply constraints, higher prices, and renewed drive in battery materials research for potential substitutes for mined cobalt.
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Author(s)
Mihir P. Torsekar,
John VerWey
Published
March 2019
Abstract
This paper traces the East Asia-Pacific (EAP) region’s participation in the global value chain (GVC) for electronic products over the past 20 years, with particular attention to trade in intermediate goods and recent foreign direct investment (FDI) into the region. During this time, China has been the principal driver of the GVCs for electronic products. However, recent increases in China’s production costs have created opportunities for other countries in the region—such as Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam—to increase their participation in the sector’s GVC. In discussing these trends, this paper uses the World Bank’s Measuring Competitiveness in Global Value Chains (MC-GVC) database and provides a case study on the development of the semiconductor industry’s presence in the EAP region to illustrate the region’s role in the GVC for electronic products.
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Author(s)
Lin Jones,
Meryem Demirkaya,
Erika Bethmann
Published
April 2019
Abstract
The development of global value chains (GVCs) and their economic impact on countries, industries, and firms has been much discussed in the business and economics literature. This introductory paper reviews and highlights some of the key topics covered in GVC literature, aiming to give readers a comprehensive overview of the relevant material to enhance their understanding of GVC research. It has three sections: the first section explains key concepts, describes the characteristics of GVCs, and briefly discusses the factors behind recent GVC developments. The second section summarizes major GVC analytical approaches commonly used in the business and economics literature. The final section highlights the economic impact of GVCs in four important areas: competitiveness, economic development, labor markets, and trade costs.
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