The Caribbean Basin Economic Recovery Act (CBERA) continues to have a small effect on the overall U.S. economy but provides a positive benefit to participating countries, according to a new report released today, Caribbean Basin Economic Recovery Act: Impact on U.S. Industries and Consumers and on Beneficiary Countries, Twenty-Seventh Report, 2023–24, published by the U.S. International Trade Commission (USITC).

The USITC, an independent, nonpartisan, factfinding federal agency, today issued its 27th biennial report monitoring U.S. imports under the CBERA program. CBERA took effect on January 1, 1984, and offers preferential tariff treatment to most products of the 17 designated beneficiary countries in the Caribbean.

The publication covers the impact of CBERA, as modified by the Caribbean Basin Trade Partnership Act of 2000 (CBTPA) and the HOPE and HELP Acts, on the United States, with emphasis on 2023 and 2024. CBERA requires the USITC to prepare a report every two years that assesses both the actual and the probable future effect of the CBERA program on the U.S. economy generally and on U.S. imports, industries, and consumers. The report also covers the impact of the preference program on the beneficiary countries. 

The following are highlights from the latest report:

• The overall effect of imports under the CBERA program on the U.S. economy generally and on U.S. imports, industries, and consumers continued to be small in 2023–24. For U.S. industries, the overall effect of the program on domestic production, employment, and operating profits was also small. The USITC identified two U.S. industries—methanol and T-shirts—that most likely have faced slight negative effects due to competition from CBERA imports. However, the estimated job losses in these two industries were outweighed by small increases in exports by U.S. yarn and fabric industries, whose products are used in the manufacture of apparel in Haiti.
• U.S. imports receiving preferential treatment under CBERA totaled $1.8 billion in 2024, a notable decline of 34.5 percent from $2.8 billion in 2022.
  • The decline in imports under the program from 2022 to 2024 is attributed to reduced imports of textiles and apparel from Haiti; other mining and manufactured products, including methanol, from Trinidad and Tobago; and crude oil from Guyana.
• The CBERA program utilization rate has varied over time and across countries. The CBERA regional utilization rate declined from 50.9 percent in 2022 to 36.9 percent in 2023 and further to 27.7 percent in 2024.
  • From 2022 to 2024, the region’s per capita exports of CBERA-eligible goods increased from $297 to $352—representing strong growth in the eligible export base.
  • Factors that affected program usage included the ability to meet U.S. import requirements, uncertainty regarding the future of CBTPA and Haiti HOPE/HELP, preference margins, mismatch between productive capacity and program eligibility, and other supply and demand factors affecting export activity.
  • From 1990 to 2024, the number of products exported by the CBERA region to the United States increased by 5 percent, led by Aruba, Guyana, Montserrat, and Belize. Depth of diversification varied across countries and declined slightly across the region, reflecting continued heavy concentration in methanol and energy products, as well as textiles and apparel. Between 1990–94 to 2020–24, exports under the CBERA program shifted toward products with higher R&D intensities.
  • CBERA, particularly as modified by the HOPE and HELP Acts, has supported Haiti’s export diversification by fostering the growth of its apparel industry through preferential access to the U.S. market.
  • Human capital, quality of institutions, cost of compliance, infrastructure, and trade liberalization were among the main factors influencing export diversification in CBERA beneficiaries.
• Investment for the near-term production and export of CBERA-eligible products is expected to have little impact on U.S. competitive industries and on the U.S. economy.
• The future impact of CBERA on the U.S. economy and domestic industries will likely remain small. CBERA countries currently supply only a small fraction of the U.S. market, a trend anticipated to continue in the near term.
• The HOPE and HELP programs are scheduled to expire on September 30, 2025. While expiration will likely have a small effect on the U.S. economy, witness testimony and economic modeling both anticipate substantial negative effects on the Haitian economy.

Caribbean Basin Economic Recovery Act: Impact on U.S. Industries and Consumers and on Beneficiary Countries, Twenty-Seventh Report, 2023–24 (Inv. No. 332-606, USITC Publication 5662, September 2025) is available on the USITC website. The USITC is also providing a limited modeling release underlying the analyses associated with this report on its website.

About factfinding investigations: USITC general factfinding investigations, such as this one, cover matters related to tariffs, trade, and competitiveness and are generally conducted under section 332(g) of the Tariff Act of 1930 at the request of the U.S. Trade Representative, the House Committee on Ways and Means, or the Senate Committee on Finance. The resulting reports convey the USITC’s objective findings and independent analyses on the subjects investigated. The USITC makes no recommendations on policy or other matters in its general factfinding reports. Upon completion of each investigation, the USITC submits its findings and analyses to the requester. General factfinding investigation reports are subsequently released to the public unless they are classified by the requester for national security reasons.

The U.S. International Trade Commission (Commission or USITC) voted to institute an investigation of certain child car seats. The products at issue in the investigation are described in the Commission’s notice of investigation.

The investigation is based on a complaint filed on behalf of Wonderland Switzerland AG of Steinhausen, Switzerland; Iron Mountains, LLC of Morgantown, Pa.; Nuna International B.V. of Leiderdorp, Netherlands; Nuna Baby Essentials, Inc. of Morgantown, Pennsylvania; Joie International Co. Ltd. of  Causeway Bay, Hong Kong; Joie Children’s Products, Inc. of Morgantown, Pennsylvania; and Graco Children’s Products Inc. of Atlanta, Georgia, on July 24, 2025. Supplements to the complaint were filed on July 30, 2025, and August 13, 2025. 
The complaint, as supplemented, alleges violations of section 337 of the Tariff Act of 1930 in the importation into the United States and sale of certain child car seats that infringe certain claims of the patents asserted by the complainants. The complainants request that the USITC issue a limited exclusion order and cease and desist orders.  

The USITC has identified the following respondents in this investigation:

• Dorel Juvenile Group, Foxboro, Mass.
• Dorel Industries Inc., Westmount, Canada
• Guangdong Roadmate Group Co., Ltd., Zhongshan, China
• Roadmate Trading (Hong Kong) Limited, Sheung Wan, Hong Kong
• Zhongshan Roadmate Juvenile Products Co., Zhongshan, China

By instituting this investigation (337-TA-1459), the USITC has not yet made any decision on the merits of the case. The USITC’s Chief Administrative Law Judge will assign the case to one of the USITC’s administrative law judges (ALJ), who will schedule and hold an evidentiary hearing. The ALJ will make an initial determination as to whether there is a violation of section 337; that initial determination is subject to review by the Commission.

The USITC will make a final determination in the investigation at the earliest practicable time. Within 45 days after institution of the investigation, the USITC will set a target date for completing the investigation. USITC remedial orders in section 337 cases are effective when issued and become final 60 days after issuance unless disapproved for policy reasons by the U.S. Trade Representative within that 60-day period.

The U.S. International Trade Commission (USITC) today instituted an investigation, Recommended Modifications in the Harmonized Tariff Schedule, 2028, that will lead to recommendations to the President on necessary changes to the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTS) to align it with amendments to the global Harmonized System (HS).

The HS, maintained by the World Customs Organization (WCO), is an international product naming system used to categorize and monitor global trade in goods. The classification systems of 212 countries, territories, or customs and economic unions, including the HTS, are based on the HS.

The USITC, an independent, nonpartisan, factfinding federal agency, is responsible for maintaining the HTS. By statute, the USITC is required to recommend modifications to the HTS to the President to align the HTS with adjustments made to the HS by the WCO. Modifications must be consistent with HS amendments; consistent with sound nomenclature principles; and ensure substantial rate neutrality.

As part of this process, the USITC expects to issue preliminary draft modifications to the HTS for public comment in February 2026. Following the public comment period, the agency will finalize the necessary modifications to the HTS and submit a report to the President in September 2026. 

The notice of investigation, dated August 12, 2025, contains more information about the investigation and can be downloaded from the USITC website.

The U.S. International Trade Commission (Commission or USITC) voted to institute an investigation of certain wearable electroencephalogram devices and systems and components thereof. The products at issue in the investigation are described in the Commission’s notice of investigation.

The investigation is based on a complaint filed on behalf of Ceribell, Inc. of Sunnyvale, Calif., on July 7, 2025. Letters supplementing the complaint were filed on July 22, 2025.  The complaint, as supplemented, alleges violations of section 337 of the Tariff Act of 1930 in the importation into the United States and sale of certain wearable electroencephalogram devices and systems and components thereof that infringe patents asserted by the complainant. The complainant requests that the USITC issue a limited exclusion order and cease and desist orders.  

The USITC has identified the following as respondents in this investigation:
•    Natus Neurology Incorporated of Middleton, Wis.
•    Excel-Tech Ltd. (“XLTEK”) of Ontario, Canada
•    Natus Medical Incorporated of Middleton, Wis.

By instituting this investigation (337-TA-1458), the USITC has not yet made any decision on the merits of the case. The USITC’s Chief Administrative Law Judge will assign the case to one of the USITC’s administrative law judges (ALJ), who will schedule and hold an evidentiary hearing. The ALJ will make an initial determination as to whether there is a violation of section 337; that initial determination is subject to review by the Commission.

The USITC will make a final determination in the investigation at the earliest practicable time. Within 45 days after institution of the investigation, the USITC will set a target date for completing the investigation. USITC remedial orders in section 337 cases are effective when issued and become final 60 days after issuance unless disapproved for policy reasons by the U.S. Trade Representative within that 60-day period.

Bulletin 25-054

Status of proceedings, links to relevant documents, and more information about these investigations can be found at the Commission’s Investigations Database System (IDS).

The U.S. International Trade Commission (Commission or USITC) voted to institute an investigation of certain pre-stretched synthetic braiding hair and packaging therefor. The products at issue in the investigation are described in the Commission’s notice of investigation.

The investigation is based on a complaint filed on behalf of JBS Hair, Inc. of Atlanta, Ga., on July 3, 2025. The complaint alleges violations of section 337 of the Tariff Act of 1930 in the importation into the United States and sale of certain pre-stretched synthetic braiding hair and packaging therefor that infringe patents asserted by the complainant. The complainant requests that the USITC issue a general exclusion order, or in the alternative, a limited exclusion order, and cease and desist orders. 

The USITC has identified the following respondents in this investigation:
•    Amekor Industries, Inc. (d/b/a Vivica A. Fox® Hair Collection), Conshohocken, Pa.
•    Beauty Elements Corporation (d/b/a Bijouz®), Miami Gardens, Fla.
•    Beauty Essence, Inc. (d/b/a Supreme™ Hair US), Moonachie, N.J.
•    Beauty Plus Trading Co., Inc. (d/b/a Janet Collection™), Moonachie, N.J.
•    Chade Fashions, Inc., Niles, Ill.
•    Eve Hair, Inc., Lakewood, Calif.
•    GS Imports, Inc. (d/b/a Golden State Imports, Inc.), Paramount, Calif.
•    Hair Plus Trading Co., Inc. (d/b/a Femi Collection), Suwanee, Ga.
•    Hair Zone, Inc. (d/b/a Sensationnel®), Moonachie, N.J.
•    Mane Concept Inc., Moonachie, N.J.
•    Mayde Beauty Inc., Port Washington, N.Y.
•    Midway International, Inc. (d/b/a BOBBI BOSS), Cerritos, Calif.
•    Model Model Hair Fashion, Inc., Port Washington, N.Y.
•    New Jigu Trading Corp. (d/b/a Harlem 125®), Port Washington, N.Y.
•    Optimum Solution Group LLC (d/b/a Oh Yes Hair), Duluth, Ga.
•    Royal Imex, Inc. (d/b/a Zury® Hollywood), Santa Fe Springs, Calif.
•    SLI Production Corp. (d/b/a It’s a Wig!), Moonachie, N.J.
•    Shake N Go Fashion, Inc., Port Washington, N.Y.
•    Sun Taiyang Co., Ltd. (d/b/a Outre®), Moonachie, N.J.

By instituting this investigation (337-TA-1457), the USITC has not yet made any decision on the merits of the case. The USITC’s Chief Administrative Law Judge will assign the case to one of the USITC’s administrative law judges (ALJ), who will schedule and hold an evidentiary hearing. The ALJ will make an initial determination as to whether there is a violation of section 337; that initial determination is subject to review by the Commission.

The USITC will make a final determination in the investigation at the earliest practicable time. Within 45 days after institution of the investigation, the USITC will set a target date for completing the investigation. USITC remedial orders in section 337 cases are effective when issued and become final 60 days after issuance unless disapproved for policy reasons by the U.S. Trade Representative within that 60-day period.

The U.S. International Trade Commission (Commission or USITC) voted to institute an investigation of certain mobile cellular communications devices. The products at issue in the investigation are described in the Commission’s notice of investigation.

The investigation is based on a complaint filed on behalf of Pantech Corporation of Seoul, Republic of Korea, on July 3, 2025. A supplement was filed on July 30, 2025. The complaint, as supplemented, alleges violations of section 337 of the Tariff Act of 1930 in the importation into the United States and sale of certain mobile cellular communications devices that infringe patents asserted by the complainant. The complainant requests that the USITC issue a limited exclusion order and cease and desist orders.  

The USITC has identified the following respondents in this investigation:
•    HMD America, Inc., Miami, Fla.
•    HMD Global, Espoo, Finland 
•    HMD Global OY, Espoo, Finland
•    Huizhou TCL Mobile Communication Co., Ltd., Guangdong, China
•    Lenovo Group Ltd., Beijing, China
•    Lenovo (United States) Inc., Morrisville, N.C.
•    Motorola Mobility LLC, Libertyville, Ill.
•    OnePlus Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd., Guangdong, China
•    OnePlus USA Corp., Irving, Texas
•    Shenzhen Tinno Mobile Technology Corp., Guangdong, China
•    TCL Communication Ltd., Hong Kong
•    TCL Communication Technology Holdings Ltd., Guangdong, China
•    TCL Electronics Holdings Ltd., Hong Kong
•    TCL Industries Holdings Co., Ltd., Guangdong, China 
•    TCL Mobile Communication (HK) Company Ltd., Hong Kong
•    TCL Mobile International Ltd., Hong Kong
•    Tinno USA, Inc., Plano, Texas

By instituting this investigation (337-TA-1456), the USITC has not yet made any decision on the merits of the case. The USITC’s Chief Administrative Law Judge will assign the case to one of the USITC’s administrative law judges (ALJ), who will schedule and hold an evidentiary hearing. The ALJ will make an initial determination as to whether there is a violation of section 337; that initial determination is subject to review by the Commission.

The USITC will make a final determination in the investigation at the earliest practicable time. Within 45 days after institution of the investigation, the USITC will set a target date for completing the investigation. USITC remedial orders in section 337 cases are effective when issued and become final 60 days after issuance unless disapproved for policy reasons by the U.S. Trade Representative within that 60-day period.

Status of proceedings, links to relevant documents, and more information about these investigations can be found at the Commission’s Investigations Database System (IDS).

*July 24 Update: In the news release dated July 17, 2025, the publication date was "July 2025." This has been revised to reflect the updated publication date, August 2025.

The United States International Trade Commission (Commission or USITC) today determined there is a reasonable indication that a U.S. industry is materially injured by reason of imports of l-lysine (lysine) from China that are allegedly sold in the United States at less than fair value and subsidized by the government of China.

Chair Amy A. Karpel and Commissioners David S. Johanson and Jason E. Kearns voted in the affirmative.

As a result of the Commission’s affirmative determinations, the U.S. Department of Commerce will continue its investigations of imports of lysine from China, with its preliminary antidumping duty determination due on or about November 4, 2025, and its preliminary countervailing duty determination due on or about August 21, 2025.

The Commission’s public report, L-lysine from China (Inv. Nos. 701-TA-767 and 731-TA-1750 (Preliminary), USITC Publication 5650, July 2025), will contain the views of the Commission and information developed during the investigations.

The report will be available by August 18, 2025; when available, it may be accessed on the USITC website.

The U.S. International Trade Commission (Commission or USITC) voted to institute an investigation of certain electronic eyewear products, components thereof, and related charging apparatuses (II). The products at issue in the investigation are described in the Commission’s notice of investigation.

The investigation is based on a complaint filed on behalf of IngenioSpec, LLC of San Jose, Calif., on June 6, 2025. Supplements to the complaint were filed on June 17 and 23, 2025. The complaint, as supplemented, alleges violations of section 337 of the Tariff Act of 1930 in the importation into the United States and sale of certain electronic eyewear products, components thereof, and related charging apparatuses (II) that infringe patents asserted by the complainant. The complainant requests that the USITC issue a limited exclusion order and cease and desist orders. 

The USITC has identified the following respondents in this investigation:

• Brilliant Labs Limited, Singapore
• SZ DJI Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
• Even Realities Ltd., Shenzhen, China
• Even Realities GmbH, Berlin, Germany
• Halliday Global, Kaki Bukit, Singapore
• Halliday Holdings Pte. Ltd., Kaki Bukit, Singapore
• Cosonic Intelligent Technologies Co., Ltd., Dongguan City, China
• Shenzhen Yingmu Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
• Sichuan INMO Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
• MyW Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
• Shenzhen Langzhiyin Electronic Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
• Hangzhou Guangli Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
• Lexiang Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China

By instituting this investigation (337-TA-1455), the USITC has not yet made any decision on the merits of the case. The USITC’s Chief Administrative Law Judge will assign the case to one of the USITC’s administrative law judges (ALJ), who will schedule and hold an evidentiary hearing. The ALJ will make an initial determination as to whether there is a violation of section 337; that initial determination is subject to review by the Commission. 

The USITC will make a final determination in the investigation at the earliest practicable time. Within 45 days after institution of the investigation, the USITC will set a target date for completing the investigation. USITC remedial orders in section 337 cases are effective when issued and become final 60 days after issuance unless disapproved for policy reasons by the U.S. Trade Representative within that 60-day period.

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